Gambling is the wagering of something of value (either money or other assets) on a random event that is determined, at least in part, by chance. It involves three elements: consideration, risk, and a prize. The stakes can range from a single chip to an entire fortune. While it is a popular pastime for many people, it is not for everyone. It can lead to serious problems, and it is important for people to recognize the warning signs and seek help if they are concerned.
The term “gambling disorder” is a diagnostic label that is used to describe severe forms of gambling problems. It is a subset of gambling addiction and is considered a mental health problem by the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition). It can be difficult to recognise a gambling problem, as it is often hidden and not talked about. People may also be reluctant to admit that they have a problem because it can be associated with shame or guilt.
While most adults and adolescents have gambled at some point, only a small number go on to develop pathological gambling. The severity of the gambling problem varies from person to person and can range from minor to life-changing.
There are several different types of gambling, including online casinos, sports betting, and lottery games. There is no single form of gambling that is more addictive than others, but the risk of developing a problem can increase with the frequency and intensity of gambling activity.
Many people start to gamble as a way of passing time or socialising with friends, and then become hooked. Others use it as a way to relieve unpleasant feelings, such as boredom or depression. There are healthier and safer ways to relieve unpleasant feelings, such as exercising, spending time with non-gambling friends, or practicing relaxation techniques.
Some people are genetically predisposed to thrill-seeking behaviour and impulsivity. There are differences in how the brain rewards these behaviours, and there is research suggesting that some people may have an underactive reward system. This can make it harder to control impulses, regulate emotions and weigh up risk – all of which are essential for making healthy decisions.
It can be hard to know when gambling is becoming a problem, but the signs include hiding gambling activities, lying about how much you have won, or even borrowing money to gamble. If you are worried about your own or someone else’s gambling, get in touch with a support service, such as GamCare. They can offer advice, information and non-judgemental support. You can also use our self-assessment and support finder to find out more about how gambling may be impacting your life or that of someone you care about. For confidential, free and impartial support, call the GamCare helpline on 0800 206 786. This service is available 24/7. For emergency and crisis support, call 999 or visit a local A&E department. You can also get in touch with your GP, who will refer you to specialist services.