A casino is a place where a variety of games of chance can be played and gambling is the primary activity. Casinos often add a host of other amenities to help attract players and make the gaming experience more comfortable. Some of these include restaurants, free drinks and stage shows. The word “casino” is Latin for “house of chances.” There are no hard figures on how many people visit casinos, but the American Gaming Association estimated that 51 million Americans over age 21 visited a casino in 2002.
In the United States, most casinos are licensed and regulated by state gaming control boards. Some are operated by federally recognized Native American tribes. In addition, there are a number of independent casinos that are not licensed or regulated. Several of these are located in or near Las Vegas. Some casinos also offer a wide range of sports betting options, including horse races and major sporting events.
Gambling has almost certainly existed for as long as humans have been around, with primitive protodice and carved six-sided dice found in ancient archaeological sites. The modern casino as we know it developed in the 16th century, when a gambling craze swept Europe. European aristocrats gathered in private places called ridotti to play a variety of gambling games. [Source: Schwartz]
Although there are some exceptions, most casinos have a similar appearance and layout. They are usually decorated in bright, cheery colors, such as red, which is thought to stimulate the senses and encourage gamblers to spend more money. Many have no clocks, as it is believed that they will distract patrons from keeping track of time and increasing their spending. The lighting in a casino is also carefully controlled to create a particular atmosphere.
Most casinos have security measures to deter cheating and stealing, both by patrons and employees. Security cameras are a common feature, as are uniformed personnel who patrol the floor and watch over game tables. The heightened security is especially important because casinos handle large amounts of cash and the employees are often paid in tip jars.
Casinos are a popular destination for people with all levels of incomes, from those who are just starting out to the very rich. The perks they offer can lure even the most dedicated non-gamblers, such as free show tickets and hotel rooms. However, it is important for potential patrons to understand that the amount of money they can win or lose is directly related to their level of skill and knowledge of gambling.
While organized crime syndicates were a significant force in the early development of casinos, legitimate businessmen soon realized the profit potential and started investing in them. Because of government crackdowns and the risk of losing a gambling license at the slightest hint of mob involvement, mafia money has largely disappeared from the casinos. Today, wealthy individuals and major real estate and hotel companies own many of the world’s premier casinos.